The model shows the small branches of principal bronchus: 1. Section of bronchiole of no cartilage. 2. The relation between pulmonary alveoli and terminal bronchiole. 3. The structure of alveolar sac and alveolar duct. 4. The capillary rete in the alveolar Pulmonary alveoli are the terminal ends of the respiratory tree, resembling clusters of grapes. They are located at the ends of bronchioles and are surrounded by an intricate network of capillaries. The alveoli are made up of a single layer of squamous epithelial cells known as type I alveolar cells, which are incredibly thin to facilitate efficient gas diffusion. Additionally, type II alveolar cells secrete pulmonary surfactant, a substance that reduces surface tension within the alveoli, preventing their collapse during exhalation. 

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